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Sketchup pro 2018 portable3/31/2024 ![]() ![]() RISC CPUs increased in the mid-1980s, typical of workstation vendors. Target markets were differentiated, with Sun and Apollo considered to be network workstations and SGI as graphics workstations. Meanwhile, DARPA's VLSI Project created several spinoff graphics products, such as the Silicon Graphics 3130. In the early 1980s, with the advent of 32-bit microprocessors such as the Motorola 68000, several new competitors appeared, including Apollo Computer and Sun Microsystems, with workstations based on 68000 and Unix. Other early workstations include the Terak 8510/a (1977), Three Rivers PERQ (1979), and the later Xerox Star (1981). The first computer designed for a single user, with high-resolution graphics (and so a workstation in the modern sense of the term), is the Alto developed at Xerox PARC in 1973. Lisp Machines were commercialized beginning 1980 by companies like Symbolics, Lisp Machines, Texas Instruments (the TI Explorer) and Xerox (the Interlisp-D workstations). The Lisp machines developed at MIT in the early 1970s pioneered some workstation principles, as high-performance, networked, single-user systems intended for heavily interactive use. ![]() For example, the PDP-8 from Digital Equipment Corporation, is regarded as the first commercial minicomputer. They have optional add-on disk drives, printers, and both paper-tape and punched-card I/O.Įarly workstations are generally dedicated minicomputers, a multiuser system reserved for one user. They are built into roughly desk-sized cabinets, with console typewriters. Both of these systems run Fortran and other languages. In 1965, the IBM 1130 scientific computer became the successor to 1620. The machine is codenamed CADET and was initially rented for $1000 per month. This reduced the cost of logic circuitry, enabling IBM to make it inexpensive. To perform addition, it requires a memory-resident table of decimal addition rules. One peculiar feature of the machine is that it lacks any arithmetic circuitry. Perhaps the first computer that might qualify as a workstation is the IBM 1620, a small scientific computer designed to be used interactively by a single person sitting at the console. History Early Xerox workstation HP 9000 model 425 workstation running HP-UX 9 and Visual User Environment (VUE) HP 9000 model 735 running HP-UX and the Common Desktop Environment (CDE) Origins and development However, by the early 2000s, this difference largely disappeared, since workstations use highly commoditized hardware dominated by large PC vendors, such as Dell, Hewlett-Packard, and Fujitsu, selling x86-64 systems running Windows or Linux. From the 1990s and 2000s, IBM's RS/6000 and IntelliStation have RISC-based POWER CPUs running AIX, and its IBM PC Series and Aptiva corporate and consumer PCs have Intel x86 CPUs. Typical 1980s workstations have expensive proprietary hardware and operating systems to categorically distinguish from standardized PCs. The increasing capabilities of mainstream PCs since the late 1990s have reduced distinction between the PCs and workstations. Workstations were the first segment of the computer market to present advanced accessories, and collaboration tools like videoconferencing. Typically, the form factor is that of a desktop computer, which consists of a high-resolution display, a keyboard, and a mouse at a minimum, but also offers multiple displays, graphics tablets, and 3D mice for manipulating objects and navigating scenes. Workstations are optimized for the visualization and manipulation of different types of complex data such as 3D mechanical design, engineering simulations like computational fluid dynamics, animation, video editing, medical imaging, image rendering, computational science, and mathematical plots. Workstations formerly offered higher performance than mainstream personal computers, especially in CPU, graphics, memory, and multitasking. The term workstation has been used loosely to refer to everything from a mainframe computer terminal to a PC connected to a network, but the most common form refers to the class of hardware offered by several current and defunct companies such as Sun Microsystems, Silicon Graphics, Apollo Computer, DEC, HP, NeXT, and IBM which powered the 3D computer graphics revolution of the late 1990s. Intended primarily to be used by a single user, they are commonly connected to a local area network and run multi-user operating systems. NeXTstation workstation from the early 1990sĪ workstation is a special computer designed for technical or scientific applications. JSTOR ( July 2010) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message).Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. ![]() This article needs additional citations for verification. ![]()
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